I am new to start the freelancing I need to buy a hostname/Domain to deploy the project.. Should I ask client to buy it? how much does it cost? for how much time is it valid? for how much time its good to buy the domain? Please help...
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2I am new to start the freelancing I need to buy a hostname/Domain to deploy the project What to do?
You need to 'buy' (lease) a domain, and you need to pay someone to host your website.
Domains are normally leased on one or two year basis. The prices vary depending on the vendor and the top level domain you are looking at (e.g. .com vs .net vs .tv)
Host prices vary dramatically. You will pay more for reliability. You will find some hosts are very cheap - it is likely that they don't have as much support, don't offer the same environment and development options, and don't have the same guaranteed uptime (if any). The best option depends on your needs.
Unless you anticipate an ongoing relationship with them, make sure the client ultimately is the registrar of the domain name. Otherwise, a year or two from now (depending on how long you register the domain for), it will come up for renewal again, and you'll have to deal with it, restart the relationship with the client, negotiate potential costs involved in renewing it (both your time, and the domain registration fees).
The bigger question of course is (web) hosting of the actual work you're producing and who will be managing/paying for that in the long run. The domain name is the lesser matter here.
A domain name itself shouldn't cost you more than 10 US dollars a year. Everybody has a different registrar they like. Personally, I use Godaddy, but some people don't like them too much. To each their own.
Ultimately, it's a question of the technical expertise level of the people you're doing the work for. I would recommend they secure the domain for at least 5-10 years, so they don't have to worry about it for a while. Just make sure they're the ones getting the correspondence from the registrar reminding them when it's up for renewal.