TCA is globally available. You can select any table configuration (TCA) by using the GLOBAL variable. For example, TCA for normal content (tt_content) can be found inside
$GLOBALS['TCA']['tt_content']
TCA holds the entire table configuration, if you want to see all of it I suggest you simply print_r() the configuration of the table you would like to see.
The configuration for each field inside a table is stored in
$GLOBALS['TCA']['TABLENAME']['columns']['COLUMNNAME']
If a TCA is not yet loaded, you can load it manually with the following command:
t3lib_div::loadTCA('TABLENAME');
This should help you on your way.