+1  A: 

Maybe this helps:

The manual states that it's best to use php://input (man) to read the raw post data. Also, neither $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA nor php://input will be available with enctype="multipart/form-data".

Ahh... enctype is different from Content-type. Being flash-phobic, I can't guess the inner workings of that actionscript, but this post suggests setting the Enctype header also:

jpgURLRequest.requestHeaders.push(new URLRequestHeader('Enctype', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');

grossvogel
I'm using "Content-type", "application/octet-stream"
eco_bach
A: 

grossvogel, in Actionscript

var header:URLRequestHeader = new URLRequestHeader ("Content-type", "application/octet-stream");
var jpgURLRequest:URLRequest = new URLRequest ("myPHPthatisbroken.php?name=myreturnedJpg.jpg");
jpgURLRequest.requestHeaders.push(header);  
jpgURLRequest.method = URLRequestMethod.POST;
jpgURLRequest.data = jpgStream;
navigateToURL(jpgURLRequest, "_blank");
eco_bach
This probably should be added as part of the question.... I updated my answer based on this input, though.
grossvogel