Any modern Java IDE allows you to drop in jar files and use that as library code. This does not require source etc. You can then develop new code, that incorporates changes.
If you need to ALTER code inside the jars, you would be much, much better of by having the source code for that jar you need to update, and then work with that.
If you do not have source code, and you need to change a class, then you can decompile that class using e.g. JAD to a Java file (be careful, may contain bugs), and then work with that. You just need to have that class in front of the jar in the classpath (unless the jar is sealed, and then you have a whole new question for stackoverflow).
Do you have more experienced Java programmers on your team, you can ask for assistance?