unix command to read line from a file by passing line number

Question

I am looking for a unix command to get a single line by passing line number to a big file (with around 5 million records). For example to get 10th line, I want to do something like

command file-name 10

Is there any such command available? We can do this by looping through each record but that will be time consuming process.

Answer 1

command | sed -n '10p'

or

sed -n '10p' file

Answer 2

This forum entry suggests:

sed -n '52p' (file)

for printing the 52th line of a file.

Answer 3

You could do something like:

head -n<lineno> <file> | tail -n1

That would give you the <lineno> lines, then only give the last line of output (your line).

Edit: It seems all the solutions here are pretty slow. However, by definition you'll have to iterate through all the records since the operating system has no way to parse line-oriented files since files are byte-oriented. (In some sense, all these programs are going to do is count the number of \n or \r characters.) In lieu of a great answer, I'll also present the timings on my system of several of these commands!

[mjschultz@mawdryn ~]$ time sed -n '145430980p' br.txt
0b10010011111111010001101111010111

real    0m25.871s
user    0m17.315s
sys 0m2.360s
[mjschultz@mawdryn ~]$ time head -n 145430980 br.txt | tail -n1
0b10010011111111010001101111010111

real    0m41.112s
user    0m39.385s
sys 0m4.291s
[mjschultz@mawdryn ~]$ time awk 'NR==145430980{print;exit}' br.txt 
0b10010011111111010001101111010111

real    2m8.835s
user    1m38.076s
sys 0m3.337s

So, on my system, it looks like the sed -n '<lineno>p' <file> solution is fastest!

Answer 4

you can use awk

awk 'NR==10{print;exit}' file

Put an exit after printing the 10th line so that awk won't process the 5 million records file further.

Answer 5

Going forward, There are a lot of ways to do it, and other related stuffs.

If you want multiple lines to be printed,

sed -n -e 'Np' -e 'Mp'

Where N and M are lines which will only be printed. Refer this 10 Awesome Examples for Viewing Huge Log Files in Unix