Pen tester is a start, but with some exceptions there is a world of difference between a pen tester and a security expert. A pen tester has a lot of low level knowledge on how to enumerate and test for things that can go wrong - for example they know about the latest buffer overrun in some version of a web server. This type of knowledge has very limited shelf life and doesn't help much when it comes to designing secure systems. Some of the best security experts I know have no idea how to 'hack' and don't rate pen testing expertise at all.
To design secure systems you need to be able to enumerate what are the right things to do - much more difficult, but also knowledge that is much more enduring. For example, when you know the security principle of 'deny by default', and what that really means, you can design a system that validates input and which is proof against not just the latest buffer overrun, but also SQL injection, and a whole class of vulnerabilities. That includes what can be termed magic - vulnerabilities that haven't been discovered yet.
Your path into security will very much depend on your current skill set. Your best bet is to take those current skills and augment them with knowledge of best security practices in that area - many of which will be portable to other domains. Try to get a job similar to what you are qualified for now, but with some security responsibility (and ideally training) on top. Perhaps go for CISSP certification within that job, as a starting point.
But, if this is really the path you want to get into then you really need to read around a lot and be an expert in disciplines that are so eclectic it's not funny. If you want a book recommendation, I highly recommend Ross Anderson's Security Engineering, which is available for free in electronic form. That will give you a very good overview and also give you a feel for just how wide ranging 'security' is as a topic.
Other good online places to look in order in order to get some insight into the mindset are the Risks Digest, Bruce Schneier's blog, Marcus Ranum's site.