What is the best way to do a substring in a batch file?

Question

I want to get the name of the currently running batch file without the file extension.

Thanks to this link, I have the file name with the extension... but what is the best way to do a substring in a batch file?

Or is there another way to get the file name w/o the extension?

It is safe to assume 3 letter extensions in this scenario.

Answer 1

Well, the easiest way would be to just use %~n0.

@echo %~n0

will output the name (without the extension) of the currently running batch file (unless executed in a subroutine called by call). The complete list of such "special" substitutions for path names can be found with help for, at the very end of the help:

In addition, substitution of FOR variable references has been enhanced. You can now use the following optional syntax:

%~I         - expands %I removing any surrounding quotes (")
%~fI        - expands %I to a fully qualified path name
%~dI        - expands %I to a drive letter only
%~pI        - expands %I to a path only
%~nI        - expands %I to a file name only
%~xI        - expands %I to a file extension only
%~sI        - expanded path contains short names only
%~aI        - expands %I to file attributes of file
%~tI        - expands %I to date/time of file
%~zI        - expands %I to size of file
%~$PATH:I   - searches the directories listed in the PATH
               environment variable and expands %I to the
               fully qualified name of the first one found.
               If the environment variable name is not
               defined or the file is not found by the
               search, then this modifier expands to the
               empty string

The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:

%~dpI       - expands %I to a drive letter and path only
%~nxI       - expands %I to a file name and extension only
%~fsI       - expands %I to a full path name with short names only

To precisely answer your question, however: Substrings are done using the :~start,length notation:

%var:~10,5%

will extract 5 characters from position 10 in the environment variable %var%.

NOTE: The index of the strings is zero based, so the first character is at position 0, the second at 1, etc.

To get substrings of argument variables such as %0, %1, etc. you have to assign them to a normal environment variable using set first:

  :: Does not work:
  @echo %1:~10,5

  :: Assign argument to local variable first:
  set var=%1
  @echo %var:~10,5%

The syntax is even more powerful:

• %var:~-7% extracts the last 7 characters from %var%
• %var:~0,-4% would extract all characters except the last four which would also rid you of the file extension (assuming three characters after the .).

See help set for details on that syntax.