It's not OS-independent, but this works on Linux, and probably on OS X as well:
print commands.getoutput('df .').split('\n')[1].split()[3]
How does it work? It gets the output of the 'df .' command, which gives you disk information about the partition of which the current directory is a part, splits it into two lines (just as it is printed to the screen), then takes the second line of that (by appending [1] after the first split()), then splits that line into different whitespace-separated pieces, and, finally, gives you the 4th element in that list.
>>> commands.getoutput('df .')
'Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on\n/dev/sda3 80416836 61324872 15039168 81% /'
>>> commands.getoutput('df .').split('\n')
['Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on', '/dev/sda3 80416836 61324908 15039132 81% /']
>>> commands.getoutput('df .').split('\n')[1]
'/dev/sda3 80416836 61324908 15039132 81% /'
>>> commands.getoutput('df .').split('\n')[1].split()
['/dev/sda3', '80416836', '61324912', '15039128', '81%', '/']
>>> commands.getoutput('df .').split('\n')[1].split()[3]
'15039128'
>>> print commands.getoutput('df .').split('\n')[1].split()[3]
15039128