How can I find the source location of a print statement in Perl?

Question

How can I find the source location of a print statement in Perl?

#!/usr/bin/perl

foo();
bar();

sub foo {
  print "foo\n";
}

sub bar {
  print "bar\n";
}

The output being:

>perl test.pl 
foo
bar

I'd like to somehow find be able to see (or something like)

>perl test.pl 
main::foo> foo
main::bar> bar

The reason for this is I'm trying to track down some rouge output, and cannot find its location in a large code base.

Answer 1

You could try stepping through your code with the debugger (perl -d).

I was going to suggest overriding print and using:

($package, $filename, $line) = caller;

...to print out the extra info, but it turns out print is one of the builtins that can't be overridden.

Answer 2

Copas: I can't reply to your comment directly (not yet "cool" enough) but the basic problem is that any decent sized project is not one .pl file. It's a bunch of modules all being pulled in together.

Your code:

a) doesn't address anything outside the one .pl file b) doesn't handle cases where print(...) has brackets or different spacing. c) doesn't cope with cases where the first argument to print is a function call or variable rather than a double-quoted string. d) consider: $object->log("Am about to print " . foo($var) . " to the console"); - your regex would cause a syntax error, making this: $object->log("Am about to print "Line 1084: . $foo($var) . " to the console");

That said, it's viable for simple scripts. It's not a BAD idea (worst case, your newsource.pl doesn't compile) - but it's not going to fix this particular problem unless it's all in one file.

Answer 3

You could try using Hook::LexWrap to dig down into what's calling what in your codebase. It does some pretty evil things internally, so won't work for all codebases.

Answer 4

This article explains how to hook into perl print function: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/387702/how-can-i-hook-into-perls-print

You may need it, if you don't want to replace all the print statements in your source code with something else.

Answer 5

I knew source filters could be useful for something:

C:\Temp> cat DebugFilter.pm
package DebugFilter;

use strict;
use warnings;

use Filter::Simple;

FILTER_ONLY
    code_no_comments => sub {
        s/print/main::mydebugfn();print/g
    };

1;
__END__

C:\Temp> cat DebugPrint.pm
package DebugPrint;

use strict;
use warnings;

use base qw( Exporter );

our @EXPORT = qw( mydebugfn );

sub mydebugfn {
    my ( $pkg, $fn, $line, $sub ) = caller(2);
    warn "print called from: ${sub}(${fn}:${line})\n";
}

1;
__END__

C:\Temp> cat t.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use DebugFilter;

sub test {
    print STDOUT "print in test\n";
    return;
}

test();

Here is the output:

C:\Temp> perl -MDebugPrint t.pl
print called from: main::test(t.pl:13)
print in test

Answer 6

Use Debug::Trace ( http://search.cpan.org/~jv/Debug-Trace-0.04/Trace.pm )

#!/usr/bin/perl

foo();
bar();

sub foo {
  print "foo\n";
}

sub bar {
  print "bar\n";
}

This program, saved as test.pl and called as:

perl -MDebug::Trace=foo,bar test.pl

Prints out:

TRACE:  main::foo() called at test.pl line 3 package main
foo
TRACE:  main::foo() returned
TRACE:  main::bar() called at test.pl line 4 package main
bar
TRACE:  main::bar() returned

Answer 7

I am going to leave the source filter alternative up for reference because it is geared towards tracing the invocation of a single function.

However, the solution seems to be to use Devel::Trace. This will presumably generate a lot of output which you can redirect to a file and then grep for the offending output.

C:\Temp> perl -d:Trace t.pl
>> t.pl:10: T::test();
>> T.pm:5:     print "in T::test\n";
in T::test
>> c:/opt/perl/lib/Config.pm:63: sub DESTROY { }

Answer 8

Try this:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use Tie::STDOUT print => sub {
  my ( $pkg, $file, $line ) = caller(2);
  print "$pkg, $file, $line :: ", @_;
};

print "Hello, World\n";

Which gives:

$ perl tp.pl
main, tp.pl, 10 :: Hello, World

Update: I've just released Devel::Ditto:

$ perl -MDevel::Ditto myprog.pl
[main, t/myprog.pl, 9] This is regular text
[main, t/myprog.pl, 10] This is a warning
[MyPrinter, t/lib/MyPrinter.pm, 7] Hello, World
[MyPrinter, t/lib/MyPrinter.pm, 8] Whappen?