If you're a relatively experienced developer it shouldn't take too much effort to migrate to Android / Java. Android uses Java language, but runs on a custom Dalvik VM rather than a Java VM, so knowing Java really just gives you a headstart on the language syntax and common libraries.
Practically speaking, with Android being available for over a year now there's a bunch of useful resources available.
I'd start with the Developer's Guide on the Android Developers site. It explains all the fundamentals and includes several worked examples that can help introduce you to how the various Android features fit together. The Sample Code section provides a bunch of working Android applications that should help you get a feel for Java and Android.
If books are more your thing there's a bunch of Android titles, though most assume at least a working knowledge of Java syntax, including:
** DISCLAIMER: I wrote this particular book.*
If that's all too much Java, it's worth scouting the net for some C/C++ to Java sites. Alternatively there are hundreds of titles on Amazon the give a good introduction to Java including Head First Java that seems to be very popular and gets some very good reviews.
My style for learning new languages is to create working applications in that language, so there's no particular reason you can't do that with an Android project. Personally, my background before Android was C# .NET, with a little Java knowledge from my University days, and I found the transition quite straight forward.