If you application implements an interface GLEventListener, there is always a next sequence:
—init();
—reshape();
—display().
In my opinion, you have a wrong drawing sequence in the function display().
Try do it in this way:
public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
gl = drawable.getGL();
gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glBegin(GL.GL_POLYGON);
gl.glVertex2f(-0.5f, -0.5f);
gl.glVertex2f(-0.5f, 0.5f);
gl.glVertex2f(0.5f, 0.5f);
gl.glVertex2f(0.5f, -0.5f);
gl.glEnd();
drawable.swapBuffers(); // — it's for double buffering
}