The API allows you to register to receive notifications for changes to the battery level. It only reports a change at 5% increments up or down, but you can use a timer and measure the time between two changes (or initial battery level and first change). Here's how you register for the notifications:
// Use this call to get the current battery level as a float
// [[UIDevice currentDevice] batteryLevel]
[[UIDevice currentDevice] setBatteryMonitoringEnabled:YES];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(batteryStateDidChange:)
name:UIDeviceBatteryStateDidChangeNotification
object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(batteryLevelDidChange:)
name:UIDeviceBatteryLevelDidChangeNotification
object:nil];
The first notification tells you the current state, e.g. unplugged, charging, or full. The second will get triggered whenever a 5% increment is reached.
Seems to me that if all you're given is change notifications at 5% changes up or down, accuracy is not something you can calculate very well or quickly. A 5% change could take a very long time if the device isn't doing anything.
Maybe you can monitor [[UIDevice currentDevice] batteryLevel] with a timer, however, while I haven't tried it I think it only gets updated at this same 5% increment.