I want to write a program that sends email using Python's smtplib. I searched through the document and the RFCs, but couldn't find anything related to attachments. Thus, I'm sure there's some higher-level concept I'm missing out on. Can someone clue me in on how attachments work in SMTP?
+6
A:
What you want to check out is the email module. It lets you build MIME-compliant messages that you then send with smtplib.
jae
2009-12-27 14:39:32
Thanks for the edit, you were a bit quicker than I ;-)
jae
2009-12-27 14:42:35
+3
A:
Well, attachments are not treated in any special ways, they are "just" leaves of the Message-object tree. You can find the answers to any questions regarding MIME-compliant mesasges in this section of the documentation on the email python package.
In general, any kind of attachment (read: raw binary data) can be represented by using base64
(or similar) Content-Transfer-Encoding.
shylent
2009-12-27 14:50:15
+1
A:
Here's an example I snipped out of a work application we did. It creates an HTML email with an Excel attachment.
import smtplib,email,email.encoders,email.mime.text,email.mime.base
smtpserver = 'localhost'
to = ['[email protected]']
fromAddr = '[email protected]'
subject = "my subject"
# create html email
html = '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" '
html +='"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">'
html +='<body style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana"><p>...</p>'
html += "</body></html>"
emailMsg = email.MIMEMultipart.MIMEMultipart('alternative')
emailMsg['Subject'] = subject
emailMsg['From'] = fromAddr
emailMsg['To'] = ', '.join(to)
emailMsg['Cc'] = ", ".join(cc)
emailMsg.attach(email.mime.text.MIMEText(html,'html'))
# now attach the file
fileMsg = email.mime.base.MIMEBase('application','vnd.ms-excel')
fileMsg.set_payload(file('exelFile.xls').read())
email.encoders.encode_base64(fileMsg)
fileMsg.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment;filename=anExcelFile.xls')
emailMsg.attach(fileMsg)
# send email
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver)
server.sendmail(fromAddr,to,emailMsg.as_string())
server.quit()
Mark
2009-12-27 16:03:46
A:
Here's how to send e-mails with zip file attachments and utf-8 encoded subject+body.
It was not straightforward to figure this one out, due to lack of documentation and samples for this particular case.
Non-ascii characters in replyto needs to be encoded with, for instance, ISO-8859-1. There probably exists a function that can do this.
Tip:
Send yourself an e-mail, save it and examine the content to figure out how to do the same thing in Python.
Here's the code, for Python 3:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:set ts=4 sw=4 et:
from os.path import basename
from smtplib import SMTP
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
from base64 import encodebytes
def send_email(recipients=["[email protected]"],
subject="Test subject æøå",
body="Test body æøå",
zipfiles=[],
server="smtp.somewhere.xyz",
username="bob",
password="password123",
sender="Bob <[email protected]>",
replyto="=?ISO-8859-1?Q?M=F8=F8=F8?= <[email protected]>"): #: bool
"""Sends an e-mail"""
to = ",".join(recipients)
charset = "utf-8"
# Testing if body can be encoded with the charset
try:
body.encode(charset)
except UnicodeEncodeError:
print("Could not encode " + body + " as " + charset + ".")
return False
# Split real name (which is optional) and email address parts
sender_name, sender_addr = parseaddr(sender)
replyto_name, replyto_addr = parseaddr(replyto)
sender_name = str(Header(sender_name, charset))
replyto_name = str(Header(replyto_name, charset))
# Create the message ('plain' stands for Content-Type: text/plain)
try:
msgtext = MIMEText(body.encode(charset), 'plain', charset)
except TypeError:
print("MIMEText fail")
return False
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = formataddr((sender_name, sender_addr))
msg['To'] = to #formataddr((recipient_name, recipient_addr))
msg['Reply-to'] = formataddr((replyto_name, replyto_addr))
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, charset)
msg.attach(msgtext)
for zipfile in zipfiles:
part = MIMEBase('application', "zip")
b = open(zipfile, "rb").read()
# Convert from bytes to a base64-encoded ascii string
bs = encodebytes(b).decode()
# Add the ascii-string to the payload
part.set_payload(bs)
# Tell the e-mail client that we're using base 64
part.add_header('Content-Transfer-Encoding', 'base64')
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"' %
os.path.basename(zipfile))
msg.attach(part)
s = SMTP()
try:
s.connect(server)
except:
print("Could not connect to smtp server: " + server)
return False
if username:
s.login(username, password)
print("Sending the e-mail")
s.sendmail(sender, recipients, msg.as_string())
s.quit()
return True
def main():
send_email()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Alexander
2010-01-29 10:17:11
A:
Hi,
I'm trying this and its sending an email but with no attachment
import smtplib,email,email.Encoders,email.MIMEText,email.MIMEBase,email.MIMEMultipart
smtpserver = 'EXCCCS007V.ad.ncc.local' to = ['[email protected]'] fromAddr = '[email protected]' subject = "my subject" cc = 'test'
create html email
html = '' html +='
...
' html += "" emailMsg = email.MIMEMultipart.MIMEMultipart('alternative') emailMsg['Subject'] = subject emailMsg['From'] = fromAddr emailMsg['To'] = ', '.join(to) emailMsg['cc'] = ", ".join(cc) emailMsg.attach(email.MIMEText.MIMEText(html,'html'))# now attach the file fileMsg = email.MIMEBase.MIMEBase('application','vnd.ms-excel') fileMsg.set_payload(file('c:/temp/Byker_Estate.xls').read()) email.Encoders.encode_base64(fileMsg) fileMsg.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment;filename=anExcelFile.xls') emailMsg.attach(fileMsg)
send email
server = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver) server.sendmail(fromAddr,to,emailMsg.as_string()) server.quit()
Michael
2010-08-17 15:35:48