FOLLOW UP.
Follow up.
Follow up.
FOLLOW UP.
Out of the last 5 technical jobs I've been hired at, 4 were due to me calling the hiring manager within a week of sending my resume, and ask when they'd be available for an interview.
It makes a good impression, it forces them to look at your resume a second time (brand, brand, brand), and it puts your resume at the top of the stack if they still use paper.
Beyond that, I've found great success with local job boards - every state and many economic regions have job boards that the local companies peruse. They are free to the candidate, hiring company, and recruiters, and given that they're locally based they get people in the region. Lots of companies would rather hire locally (to avoid relocation, etc).
All the other suggestions here are great, but out of everything - FOLLOW UP.