views:

450

answers:

2

I am trying to get a hold of overflow and underflow exceptions in java, but couldn't get any nice tutorial. Specifically I wish to learn

  1. How are they different from each other?
  2. What are the subclasses of these exceptions?
  3. In which scenario they are thrown?
  4. Which of them can be handled and how?
  5. What are the best practice related to them?

Any link to useful tutorial will do

Thanks heaps

+1  A: 

In Java arithmetic, overflow or underflow will never throw an Exception.

Instead, for floating point arithmetic the value is set as Not a number, 'infinite' or zero.

To test for these you can use the statis methods isNaN or isInfinite using the appropriate wrapper class. You can handle this as appropriate. Example:

double d1 = 100 / 0.;
if (Double.isNaN(d1)) {
    throw new RuntimeEcxception("d1 is not a number");
}
if (Double.isInfinite(d1)) {
    throw new RuntimeEcxception("d1 is infinite");
}

For certain operations you can get an ArithmeticException, for example when dividing by zero in Integer maths.

I just asked a related question about a complete project style way to handle this.

Pool
-1 100 / 0 actually returns infinity, not a NaN. Also, an arithmetic underflow (denormal) just returns 0.
Chris Jester-Young
Thanks, I am curios about exceptions like BufferOverflowException and BufferUnderflowException and related stuff
Ravi Gupta
@Ravi Gupta - please add that to the main question - `BufferOverflowException` and `BufferUnderflowException` is a lot more specific than your original vague "overflow and underflow exceptions" question.
Nate
@Ravi: There is no `BufferOverflowException` or anything like that. Arrays are accessed by index, which, when the index becomes invalid, causes an `IndexOutOfBoundsException`.
Chris Jester-Young
@Chris: They have something like BufferOverflowException http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/java/nio/BufferOverflowException.html
Ravi Gupta
Oh! Overflowing a `ByteBuffer`. That's something else entirely. Lemme edit my answer. :-P
Chris Jester-Young
@Feast, this is partially incorrect: 'Integer.MAX_VALUE + 2' results in '-2147483647' - No exception but not NaN or infinite or zero either. 'Double.MAX_VALUE * 2' will indeed result in 'Infinity' (which is from a mathematical perspective a pretty wrong answer ;) )
Andreas_D
Thanks, I've "divided" the answer into float and int sections.
Pool
+4  A: 

Okay, the OP talked about wanting to know about both stack overflow and arithmetic overflow, as well as their corresponding underflow. Here goes....

  1. Arithmetic overflow happens when a number gets too big to fit in its value type. For example, an int holds values between -231 and 231-1, inclusive. If your number goes over these limits, an overflow occurs, and the number "wraps around". These do not cause an exception to be generated in Java.
  2. Arithmetic underflow happens when a floating point number gets too small to distinguish very well from zero (the precision of the number got truncated). In Java, these do not cause an exception either.
  3. Stack overflow happens when you call a function, that calls another function, that then calls another, then another...and the function call stack gets too deep. You get a StackOverflowError when that happens.
  4. Stack underflow doesn't happen in Java. Its runtime system is supposed to prevent that sort of stuff from happening.

To answer the OP's other question (see comments), when you overstep the boundaries of an array, an IndexOutOfBoundsException is issued.

Chris Jester-Young
+1 clear explanation. I've also heard subtracting one from int.MIN_VALUE called an underflow. I've not come across your point 2 before.
Paolo
@Paolo: I think subtracting one from `Integer.MIN_VALUE` is considered an overflow too. But maybe I'm splitting hairs here. :-)
Chris Jester-Young
@Chris Thanks, it helps, where can I get documentation for this stuff ?
Ravi Gupta
@Ravi: Wow, I'd be hard-pressed to give you specific references at the moment, because a lot of this actually came from personal experience (I've programmed in Java for over 5 years). Hmm. You can (and should) try to read the Java Language Specification, if you're interested in the nitty-gritty.
Chris Jester-Young
@Chris I was trying hunt it on sun's site but couldn't get what I was looking. I will keep on looking, if I got it will post it here
Ravi Gupta