You could use the install-file mojo to locally install artifacts into your local maven repository. If you want to share this artifact with others (say your team or another workstation), you could use your own repository manager (e.g. Nexus) and configure it as a mirror for any repository, e.g. central. Nexus will fetch (and cache) artifacts from central. Additionally, you may upload just about any artifact (like junit-addons sources) to your nexus installation.
In order to do configure a mirror, you'll have to edit ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml
<settings>
<!-- SNIP -->
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>nexus-releases</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<!-- replace nexus.example.com with the location of your nexus installation -->
<url>http://nexus.example.com/releases</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>nexus</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<url>http://central</url>
<releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
<snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<id>nexus</id>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<url>http://central</url>
<releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
<snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</profile>
</profiles>
</settings>