a question on common lisp

Question

Hello people, I'm getting crazy with a small problem here, I keep getting an error and I cant seem to figure out why, the code is supposed to change the range of a list, so if we give it a list with values (1 2 3 4) and we want to change the range in 11 to fourteen the result would be (11 12 13 14) the problem is that the last function called scale-list will give back an error saying:

Debugger entered--Lisp error: (wrong-type-argument number-or-marker-p nil)

anybody has a clue why? I use aquamacs as an editor thanks in advance

;;finds minimum in a list
(defun minimum (list)
  (car (sort list #'<)))

;;finds maximum in a list
(defun maximum (list)
  (car (sort list #'>)))

;;calculates the range of a list
(defun range (list)
  (- (maximum list) (minimum list)))

;;scales one value to another range
(defun scale-value (list low high n)
   (+ (/ (* (- (nth (- n 1) list)
               (minimum list))
            (- high low))
         (range list))
      low))


;;is supposed to scale the whole list to another range
(defun scale-list (list low high n)
  (unless (= n 0)
   (cons (scale-value list low high n)
         (scale-list list low high (- n 1)))))

(scale-list '(1 2 3 4) 21 24 4)

Answer 1

I re post the code because something went wrong...

;;finds minimum in a list
(defun minimum(list)
  (car  (sort list #'<)))
;;finds maximum in a list
(defun maximum(list)
  (car (sort list #'>)))
;;calculates the range of a list
(defun range(list)
  (- (maximum list) (minimum list)))

;;scales one value to another range
(defun scale-value(list low high n)
     (+ (/ (* (- (nth (- n 1) list) (minimum list)) (- high low)) (range list)) low))


;;is supposed to scale the whole list to another range
(defun scale-list(list low high n)
  (unless (= n 0)
   (cons (scale-value list low high n) (scale-list list low high (- n 1)))))

(scale-list '(1 2 3 4) 21 24 4)

Answer 2

Your actual stack trace is something like:

-(nil 0.1)
  (* (- (nth ... list) (minimum list)) (- high low))
  (/ (* (- ... ...) (- high low)) (range list))
  (+ (/ (* ... ...) (range list)) low)
  scale-value((0.1) 20 30 3)

I guess you determine a wrong nth element and this returns nil, which messes up the subtraction.

Answer 3

The definitions of maximum and minimum need to be improved. SORT is destructive. It is also wrong to call SORT with a literal constant like '(1 2 3 4) - again, SORT is destructive.

Better definitions:

(defun minimum (list)
  (reduce #'min list))

(defun maximum (list)
  (reduce #'max list))

A more efficient definition of range:

(defun range (list)
  (loop for e in list
        maximize e into max
        minimize e into min
        finally (return (- max min))))

SCALE-LIST and SCALE-VALUE are also not Lisp-like. If you call NTH like this in a recursive function then something is wrong. You should recurse over the list, not the index. SCALE-VALUE calls RANGE and MINIMUM for each call. Why?

Check this variant:

;;scales one value to another range
(defun scale-value (item low high min range)
   (+ (/ (* (- item min)
            (- high low))
         range)
      low))

;;is supposed to scale the whole list to another range
(defun scale-list (list low high)
  (let ((min (minimum list))
        (range (range list)))
    (labels ((scale-list-aux (list)
               (when list
                 (cons (scale-value (first list) low high min range)
                       (scale-list-aux (rest list))))))
      (scale-list-aux list))))

(scale-list '(1 2 3 4) 21 24)

What can you improve more? For example I would get rid of the recursion and replace it with MAPCAR.