Joni and Joe are correct. VSTO will not run on Azure.
I believe you're looking for the Open XML SDK.
Edit: Here's one option I have considered for those times when the Open XML SDK just doesn't have the functionality I can get from accessing an Office app's object model directly. Set up a machine outside of Azure that operates just as an Azure worker role would by processing messages from an Azure Queue. Since the app on that machine could be setup to execute tasks sequentially, you should be able to get away with things that wouldn't be advisable if you were trying to execute an Office app from a web role. This machine could be in your data center, or you could use an Amazon VM so that you could install Office. If that worker role outside of Azure was creating and/or reading Excel documents, then just use Azure Blob storage to store the documents.
You will however incur additional bandwidth costs for all the data coming in and out of Azure in this scenario.