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Now that iOS 4 is no longer NDA, I would like to know what Gyroscope has to offer over the Accelerometer for developers. Is there a difference in APIs? Other things?

+3  A: 

A MEMs gyroscope is a rate of change device. As the device rotates in any its axis, you can see a change in rotation. An accelerometer only provides the force along the X,Y,and Z vectors, and cannot solve for "twist". By using both sensors, you can often implement what is referred to as a 6DOF (degrees of freedom) inertial system - or dead reckoning - allowing you to find the relative physical location of the device. (Note that all inertial systems drift, so its not stable in the long term).

In short: gyroscopes measure rotation, accelerometers measure translation.

There is a new API for reading the gyroscope.

Yann Ramin
The new API is nice in that there's a fairly high-level API that gets you aggregate data from all the position sensors as well as access to the raw input from both accelerometers and gyros.
Dan Ray