Having to support such an old operating system seems unreasonable, although I understand that supporting legacy systems is part of our profession.
I would go to the suits in your org and explain your dilemma -
Supporting the old OS is costing the org a "lowest common denominator" product
Small customer base == small return on investment
Large / unreasonable effort in maintaining two code branches (legacy and current)
Explain to the suits that the customer may upgrade if they're threatened with being left behind.
If no-one will bend and you gotta support, you've got a few options:
Ask your employer to buy the licenses for your customers and demonstrate how it'll save them money in development costs.
Stay with VS2008. Ask your mgmt how long they intend to support the legacy OS and tell them that that's how long your product is going to stagnate for. Back this up with prototypes of stuff you can't do - because you have to support this legacy OS.
Maintain two code branches.
Quit - there's a million development jobs out there where the employer is happy to let your technological experience stagnate in old technology, so long as your bringing in the money. And there are great employers out there - who'll listen to your advice, side with you and squeeze their customers on these issues.
Customers never want to upgrade, but it's been my experience that they normally do - if they're squeezed...
I know that quitting may seem drastic - and it may not be the best option for you. I spent a couple of years as a web developer, a problem space I wasn't interested in - and with an inflexible employer - leaving it was the best thing that ever happened to me(!)
In just over a year, I've made lead developer and doubled my salary - and I really enjoy my job!
There are better employers out there - and if your employer is dismissing your advice in order to support an insignificant customer base, it may be time to consider if you're working for the right employer!