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When we talk about network programming, does it means the "network" here

is just the computer network?

And what is the difference between the computer network and the network that not belongs to computer network?

A: 

I think you're looking for a precise definition that does not exist. Networking is when any entity communicates with another entity. Hence 'social networking' is people communicating with each other. Computer networking is computers communicating with each other.

Computers may use a telecommunications network as a mechanism for communicating.

Modern telecoms networks are constructed from computing devices, so any distinction is very blurred.

When you're talking about network programming, it's a matter of picking an abstraction layer that suits your needs, and coding with it. The abstraction layer hides the layers below so you don't need to worry about how your bytes get from one endpoint to the other. Nowadays most application programmers work with TCP/IP sockets or UDP packets.

But if you were coding at a layer below that, it would still be 'network programming': developing the TCP/IP stack, writing router firmware, developing network hardware drivers, etc.

You could argue that working at higher levels of abstraction is still 'network programming'. If you work with HTTP, or some API that uses SOAP, that's network programming too.

slim
A: 

Hi,

A telecommunication network is simply a broad term that refers to any interconnected network of devices that can communicate. The word telecommunication literally means 'remotely transferring information' and network simply means 'an interconnected set of nodes'. So if you break it down you have.

tele: remotely

communication: transferring information

network: to an interconnected set of nodes

For example a LAN, the internet, the telephone system or even TV and radio all forms of telecommunication networks.

Modern computer networks tend to have some features which make them stand out. For example they tend to be packet-switched rather that circuit-switched networks (like an analogue telephone system). Other than that there is nothing special about computer network over any other form of telecommunication network.

F.

Fraser
A: 

the difference of between network & networking ?

network is in a room & networking is a networks of network.

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