Yes, you can. There are a number of ways at your disposal. A few ideas:
Delete their local admin. Add your own local admin user with the same username but a different password. The GPO addition will assume the user is already there and not make any changes.
Update registry permissions to remove access to any of the several keys required to add a user. Mark Russinovich describes procedures on his blog.
Edit the NTFS permissions on the directory where the group policy objects are cached. (this, of course, will break all GPOs, not just the local admin...)
bottom line: as a local admin, you can do anything. In order for Group Policy to work and for the GPO to add a local user, it must do something. Break any part of that something and you've found your solution.
Of course, just because you can, but that doesn't mean you should. I was an IT guy, users did this to me, and it's irritating. It's a policy issue and should be handled via non-technical means.