If you are using Resharper 5.0 you can import the following pattern (save it as an xml file) into the Pattern Catalog (Resharper>Tools>Pattern Catalog>Import) then run Search Now to find all instances so that you can review and choose to perform the replacement on them.
<CustomPatterns>
<Pattern Severity="HINT">
<Comment>useless catch</Comment>
<ReplaceComment>remove useless catch</ReplaceComment>
<ReplacePattern>$code$</ReplacePattern>
<SearchPattern><![CDATA[try
{
$code$
}
catch
{
throw;
}]]></SearchPattern>
<Params />
<Placeholders>
<StatementPlaceholder Name="code" Minimal="1" Maximal="-1" />
</Placeholders>
</Pattern>
</CustomPatterns>
The pattern worked on my test code. I don't know how the Pattern matching engine handles whitespace so you may have to change tabs to spaces or whatever your code standard is as appropriate.