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answers:

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I'm probably missing something pretty basic here, but if the n-body problem yields chaotic results (except in specific highly-symmetric conditions), couldn't it be used as a "true" random number generator (with initial pseudo-random seeds for masses and velocities) given its non-deterministic nature?

+1  A: 

It's still deterministic, because the outcome is directly based on the inputs - same inputs, same output. Thus, it's no more random than whatever randomness you use for your inputs.

Amber
A: 

Just because a system is nondeterministic doesn't make it a useful source of random numbers, it would be nontrivial to extract such a source from a n-body solver. In addition with the same input you would get the same output, so this would still be pseudorandom at best.

Scott Wales