Scala Map: mysterious syntactic sugar?

Question

I have just found out this syntax for a scala Map (used here in mutable form)

val m = scala.collection.mutable.Map[String, Int]()
m("Hello") = 5
println(m) //PRINTS Map(Hello -> 5)

Now I'm not sure whether this is syntactic sugar built in to the language, or whether something more fundamental is going on here involving the fact that a map extends a PartialFunction. Could anyone explain?

Answer 1

If you mean (it would be nice if you could be more explicit)

m("Hello") = 5

that is intended syntactic sugar for

m.update("Hello", 5)

independent of what m is. This is analogous to

m("Hello")

which is syntactic sugar for

m.apply("Hello")

(I'm just reading "Programming in Scala".)

Answer 2

@starblue is correct. Note that you can also do rather creative things with update such as returning values other than what was assigned. For example:

val a = Map(1 -> "one")      // an immutable Map[Int, String]
val b = a(2) = "two"
val c = b(5) = "five"
val d = c(1) = "uno"

d == Map(1 -> "uno", 2 -> "two", 5 -> "five")       // => true

This works because immutable.Map#update returns an instance of the new Map. It looks a little odd to the C-trained eye, but you get used to it.