You don't have "rights", you get what you can negotiate with an intelligent boss and explain that they are wasting money by not creating a productive environment.
At the end of the day it is the responsobility of the one paying the bills to make sure that they are getting value for money and the developers responsobility to explain where money is being wasted.
Any mention of rights is really just self important nonsense. Developers (in most cases) get hired to provide a service to thier employee. If that employee wants to waste money on poor working environments and excessive costs in constantly hiring new programmers, that is thier stupidity.
Do cleaners have a "bill of rights"? People in the army? Why are programmers special?
It is only IT professionals unprecedented power and expense that could lead to this concept.
If I were an employer and you came to me waving a piece of paper and demanding your "rights", I would mark you down in my little mental list of numpties forever.
If, on the other hand you came up to me saying "Hey boss, I have found ten simple and relatively cheap ways of increasing your developers productivity!" it would be a completely different reaction.