math

optimizing the sql query by not repeating the math..

Here is the query in Oracle I was trying to remove the redundant math operation from: SELECT name, CASE when nvl(num1,0) + nvl(num2,0) - nvl(num3,0) > 0 THEN nvl(num1,0) + nvl(num2,0) - nvl(num3,0) ELSE 0 END as result, .... from .... How do I not repeat the summation above? The 'result...

Checking if an int is prime more efficiently

I recently was part of a small java programming competition at my school. My partner and I have just finished our first pure oop class and most of the questions were out of our league so we settled on this one (and I am paraphrasing somewhat): "given an input integer n return the next int that is prime and its reverse is also prime for e...

Detection of Triangle Collision in 2D Space

How can I programatically detect whether or not two triangles touch each other, given their vertices on a 2D coordinate plane? This includes touching points or edges, as well as if one triangle is completely "inside" the other one. ...

Fractal based Image compression algorithm (and source code)

I am looking for a decent fractal based compression algorithm for images. So far I only find dead links to the FIF image format and dead links pointing to Iterated Systems Inc which then became MediaBin which then became nothing from what I can see. ...

Arrange points in sequence.

I have some points in 3D which are in a single plane. I want to arrange them in clock wise or counter clockwise order. The points can create a concave or convex polygon in a single plane. Can any body give any suggestions? ...

Inverse cot in C#

We know that the inverse of tan is Math.Atan, what about the inverse of cot? cot(x) is defined as cot(x)=1/tan(x) ...

Min and Max value of integral type in C#

Whats the mathematical formulae to calculate the MIN and MAX value of an integral type using your calculator. I know you can use Integer.Max or Integer.Min etc or look it up on msdn however I want to know how to calculate it. ...

finding a point on an ellipse circumference which is inside a rectangle having center point, height and width?

Hi all. I have a rectangle in .NET in which I draw an ellipse. I know the width, height and center point of that rectangle. Of course the center point of the rectangle is also the center point of the ellipse. I know how to calculate a point on a circle, however I have no clue about an ellipse. I have those parameters and an angle, i...

Probability algorithm: Finding probable correct item in a list (e.g John, John, Jon)

Hi, Take for example the list (L): John, John, John, John, Jon We are to presume one item is to be correct (e.g. John in this case), and give a probability it is correct. First (and good!) attempt: MostFrequentItem(L).Count / L.Count (e.g. 4/5 or 80% likelihood) But consider the cases: John, John, Jon, Jonny John, John, Jon, Jon I w...

Finding subsets that can be completed to tuples without duplicates

We have a collection of sets A_1,..,A_n. The goal is to find new sets for each of the old sets. newA_i = {a_i in A_i such that there exist (a_1,..,a_n) in (A1,..,An) with no a_k = a_j for all k and j} So in words this says that we remove all the elements from A_i that can't be used to form a tuple (a_1,..a_n) from the sets (A_1,..,A_n...

Function to convert a z-score into a percentage

Google doesn't want to help! I'm able to calculate z-scores, and we are trying to produce a function that given a z-score gives us a percent of the population in a normal distribution that would be under that z-score. All I can find are references to z-score to percentage tables. Any pointers? ...

How to get Yaw, Pitch and Roll from a 3D vector

Hi all, I have a direction vector that applied to a position gives me the point at which the camera should look. How can I get from that yaw, pitch and roll in order to use glRotatef properly? Thanks in advance ...

Estimating the size of a tree

I'd like to estimate the number of leaves in a large tree structure for which I can't visit every node exhaustively. Is this algorithm appropriate? Does it have a name? Also, please pedant if I am using any terms improperly. sum_trials = 0 num_trials = 0 WHILE time_is_not_up bits = 0 ptr = tree.root WHILE count(ptr.children)...

Principal Component Analysis in a cluster via MPI

Hi All I am setting up a set of computers where to run math programs on top of MPI. Do you know whether exist some library doing PCA - Principal Component Analysis using MPI so to use all the resources of the networked pcs? I will have a look at Scalapack, but do you know other libraries? My language is C++ on linux but if there is a go...

Permutations with extra restrictions

I have a set of items, for example: {1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3}, and a restricting set of sets, for example {{3},{1,2},{1,2,3},{1,2,3},{1,2,3},{1,2,3},{2,3},{2,3}. I am looking for permutations of items, but the first element must be 3, and the second must be 1 or 2, etc. One such permutation that fits is: {3,1,1,1,2,2,3} Is there an algorithm ...

Using exponential smoothing with NaN values

I have a sample of some kind that can create somewhat noisy output. The sample is the result of some image processing from a camera, which indicates the heading of a blob of a certain color. It is an angle from around -45 to +45, or a NaN, which means that the blob is not actually in view. In order to combat the noisy data, I felt that ...

Efficient way to manipulate large powers of two

The most efficient way to code powers of two is by bit shifting of integers. 1 << n gives me 2^n However, if I have a number that is larger than the largest value allowed in an int or a long, what can I use to efficiently manipulate powers of 2? (I need to be able to perform addition, multiplication, division and modulus operations on...

Vector deltas and moving in unknown areas

Hi All, I was in need of a little math help that I can't seem to find the answer to, any links to documentation would be greatly appreciated. Heres my situation, I have no idea where I am in this maze, but I need to move around and find my way back to the start. I was thinking of implementing a waypoint list of places i've been offset ...

Best practice to calculate the average speed from GPS coordinates

i have here a device which can give me gps coordinates. the time intervall i can define. i want to use it to calculate the average speed during driving or travelling by car. actually i used a orthodrome formula to calculate the distance between two points and then divided it by the given time intervall. by the implemenation i followed th...

Run Javascript on the body of a Gmail message

I want to display LaTeX math in the gmail messages that I receive, so that for example $\mathbb P^2$ would show as a nice formula. Now, there are several Javascripts available (for example, this one, or MathJax which would do the job, I just need to call them at the right time to manipulate the gmail message. I know that this is possibl...