This comes down to application design. Your slider belongs, rightly, to a ViewController object. But its value is a model property. So you need to separate the two, and work out how to pass the value from the controller into the model, and provide access to that value for other classes.
The basic knowledge you need is an understanding of MVC (Model-View-Controller). And the technology you need to pass values around is an understanding of Objective-C properties and, in general, accessor methods.
In practical terms, you need a connection from your slider to your view controller, and from your view controller into other controllers or views.
It is relatively unlikely that a view object would be handling an equation (although entirely possible). That is behaviour more suitable for a model object.